Schools carry a duty of care to supervise students, and the right level of supervision depends on students’ ages, needs, activities, locations, and foreseeable risks.

Most educators have a clear sense of their responsibilities inside the classroom. But students spend much of the day outside it, during recess, lunch, arrival and dismissal, field trips, and other school-sponsored activities. Supervision has to extend to those moments too.

Here are five ways schools can strengthen their systems.

1. Implement Clear Procedures

Staff should know who is responsible for students at any given time, and what to do if supervision is interrupted or a student goes missing. Pay particular attention to transitions: who is watching hallways, bathrooms, playgrounds, arrival and dismissal, and lunch?

2. Train Staff Thoroughly

Employees need training on safeguarding, emergency procedures, student behavior, and any supervision requirements specific to their role.

3. Evaluate Risks Regularly

Circumstances change, and policies, procedures, and practices should evolve with them. Schedule periodic reviews so staff can identify where student supervision can improve.

4. Consider Special Needs and Unique Circumstances

Students with disabilities or other documented needs may require differentiated supervision or safety measures. Account for other factors too, like bullying, conflicts, or situational concerns.

5. Document Incidents and Use Them to Improve

Standardize how staff report incidents, injuries, or safety concerns in line with your school or district’s requirements. Debrief afterward to identify what went well and where the school can improve.

Clear expectations, consistent practices, and systems built to anticipate risk give staff the guidance and confidence they need to fulfill their duty of care, and give students a safer environment throughout the school day.